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"""An FTP client class and some helper functions. Based on RFC 959: File Transfer Protocol (FTP), by J. Postel and J. Reynolds Example: >>> from ftplib import FTP >>> ftp = FTP('ftp.python.org') # connect to host, default port >>> ftp.login() # default, i.e.: user anonymous, passwd anonymous@ '230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.' >>> ftp.retrlines('LIST') # list directory contents total 9 drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 . drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 etc d-wxrwxr-x 2 ftp wheel 1024 Sep 5 13:43 incoming drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Nov 17 1993 lib drwxr-xr-x 6 1094 wheel 1024 Sep 13 19:07 pub drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 usr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 312 Aug 1 1994 welcome.msg '226 Transfer complete.' >>> ftp.quit() '221 Goodbye.' >>> A nice test that reveals some of the network dialogue would be: python ftplib.py -d localhost -l -p -l """ # # Changes and improvements suggested by Steve Majewski. # Modified by Jack to work on the mac. # Modified by Siebren to support docstrings and PASV. # Modified by Phil Schwartz to add storbinary and storlines callbacks. # Modified by Giampaolo Rodola' to add TLS support. # import sys import socket from socket import _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT __all__ = ["FTP", "error_reply", "error_temp", "error_perm", "error_proto", "all_errors"] # Magic number from <socket.h> MSG_OOB = 0x1 # Process data out of band # The standard FTP server control port FTP_PORT = 21 # The sizehint parameter passed to readline() calls MAXLINE = 8192 # Exception raised when an error or invalid response is received class Error(Exception): pass class error_reply(Error): pass # unexpected [123]xx reply class error_temp(Error): pass # 4xx errors class error_perm(Error): pass # 5xx errors class error_proto(Error): pass # response does not begin with [1-5] # All exceptions (hopefully) that may be raised here and that aren't # (always) programming errors on our side all_errors = (Error, OSError, EOFError) # Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, CR, LF) CRLF = '\r\n' B_CRLF = b'\r\n' # The class itself class FTP: '''An FTP client class. To create a connection, call the class using these arguments: host, user, passwd, acct, timeout, source_address, encoding The first four arguments are all strings, and have default value ''. The parameter ´timeout´ must be numeric and defaults to None if not passed, meaning that no timeout will be set on any ftp socket(s). If a timeout is passed, then this is now the default timeout for all ftp socket operations for this instance. The last parameter is the encoding of filenames, which defaults to utf-8. Then use self.connect() with optional host and port argument. To download a file, use ftp.retrlines('RETR ' + filename), or ftp.retrbinary() with slightly different arguments. To upload a file, use ftp.storlines() or ftp.storbinary(), which have an open file as argument (see their definitions below for details). The download/upload functions first issue appropriate TYPE and PORT or PASV commands. ''' debugging = 0 host = '' port = FTP_PORT maxline = MAXLINE sock = None file = None welcome = None passiveserver = True # Disables https://bugs.python.org/issue43285 security if set to True. trust_server_pasv_ipv4_address = False def __init__(self, host='', user='', passwd='', acct='', timeout=_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, source_address=None, *, encoding='utf-8'): """Initialization method (called by class instantiation). Initialize host to localhost, port to standard ftp port. Optional arguments are host (for connect()), and user, passwd, acct (for login()). """ self.encoding = encoding self.source_address = source_address self.timeout = timeout if host: self.connect(host) if user: self.login(user, passwd, acct) def __enter__(self): return self # Context management protocol: try to quit() if active def __exit__(self, *args): if self.sock is not None: try: self.quit() except (OSError, EOFError): pass finally: if self.sock is not None: self.close() def connect(self, host='', port=0, timeout=-999, source_address=None): '''Connect to host. Arguments are: - host: hostname to connect to (string, default previous host) - port: port to connect to (integer, default previous port) - timeout: the timeout to set against the ftp socket(s) - source_address: a 2-tuple (host, port) for the socket to bind to as its source address before connecting. ''' if host != '': self.host = host if port > 0: self.port = port if timeout != -999: self.timeout = timeout if self.timeout is not None and not self.timeout: raise ValueError('Non-blocking socket (timeout=0) is not supported') if source_address is not None: self.source_address = source_address sys.audit("ftplib.connect", self, self.host, self.port) self.sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port), self.timeout, source_address=self.source_address) self.af = self.sock.family self.file = self.sock.makefile('r', encoding=self.encoding) self.welcome = self.getresp() return self.welcome def getwelcome(self): '''Get the welcome message from the server. (this is read and squirreled away by connect())''' if self.debugging: print('*welcome*', self.sanitize(self.welcome)) return self.welcome def set_debuglevel(self, level): '''Set the debugging level. The required argument level means: 0: no debugging output (default) 1: print commands and responses but not body text etc. 2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LF''' self.debugging = level debug = set_debuglevel def set_pasv(self, val): '''Use passive or active mode for data transfers. With a false argument, use the normal PORT mode, With a true argument, use the PASV command.''' self.passiveserver = val # Internal: "sanitize" a string for printing def sanitize(self, s): if s[:5] in {'pass ', 'PASS '}: i = len(s.rstrip('\r\n')) s = s[:5] + '*'*(i-5) + s[i:] return repr(s) # Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF def putline(self, line): if '\r' in line or '\n' in line: raise ValueError('an illegal newline character should not be contained') sys.audit("ftplib.sendcmd", self, line) line = line + CRLF if self.debugging > 1: print('*put*', self.sanitize(line)) self.sock.sendall(line.encode(self.encoding)) # Internal: send one command to the server (through putline()) def putcmd(self, line): if self.debugging: print('*cmd*', self.sanitize(line)) self.putline(line) # Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF. # Raise EOFError if the connection is closed def getline(self): line = self.file.readline(self.maxline + 1) if len(line) > self.maxline: raise Error("got more than %d bytes" % self.maxline) if self.debugging > 1: print('*get*', self.sanitize(line)) if not line: raise EOFError if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2] elif line[-1:] in CRLF: line = line[:-1] return line # Internal: get a response from the server, which may possibly # consist of multiple lines. Return a single string with no # trailing CRLF. If the response consists of multiple lines, # these are separated by '\n' characters in the string def getmultiline(self): line = self.getline() if line[3:4] == '-': code = line[:3] while 1: nextline = self.getline() line = line + ('\n' + nextline) if nextline[:3] == code and \ nextline[3:4] != '-': break return line # Internal: get a response from the server. # Raise various errors if the response indicates an error def getresp(self): resp = self.getmultiline() if self.debugging: print('*resp*', self.sanitize(resp)) self.lastresp = resp[:3] c = resp[:1] if c in {'1', '2', '3'}: return resp if c == '4': raise error_temp(resp) if c == '5': raise error_perm(resp) raise error_proto(resp) def voidresp(self): """Expect a response beginning with '2'.""" resp = self.getresp() if resp[:1] != '2': raise error_reply(resp) return resp def abort(self): '''Abort a file transfer. Uses out-of-band data. This does not follow the procedure from the RFC to send Telnet IP and Synch; that doesn't seem to work with the servers I've tried. Instead, just send the ABOR command as OOB data.''' line = b'ABOR' + B_CRLF if self.debugging > 1: print('*put urgent*', self.sanitize(line)) self.sock.sendall(line, MSG_OOB) resp = self.getmultiline() if resp[:3] not in {'426', '225', '226'}: raise error_proto(resp) return resp def sendcmd(self, cmd): '''Send a command and return the response.''' self.putcmd(cmd) return self.getresp() def voidcmd(self, cmd): """Send a command and expect a response beginning with '2'.""" self.putcmd(cmd) return self.voidresp() def sendport(self, host, port): '''Send a PORT command with the current host and the given port number. ''' hbytes = host.split('.') pbytes = [repr(port//256), repr(port%256)] bytes = hbytes + pbytes cmd = 'PORT ' + ','.join(bytes) return self.voidcmd(cmd) def sendeprt(self, host, port): '''Send an EPRT command with the current host and the given port number.''' af = 0 if self.af == socket.AF_INET: af = 1 if self.af == socket.AF_INET6: af = 2 if af == 0: raise error_proto('unsupported address family') fields = ['', repr(af), host, repr(port), ''] cmd = 'EPRT ' + '|'.join(fields) return self.voidcmd(cmd) def makeport(self): '''Create a new socket and send a PORT command for it.''' sock = socket.create_server(("", 0), family=self.af, backlog=1) port = sock.getsockname()[1] # Get proper port host = self.sock.getsockname()[0] # Get proper host if self.af == socket.AF_INET: resp = self.sendport(host, port) else: resp = self.sendeprt(host, port) if self.timeout is not _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: sock.settimeout(self.timeout) return sock def makepasv(self): """Internal: Does the PASV or EPSV handshake -> (address, port)""" if self.af == socket.AF_INET: untrusted_host, port = parse227(self.sendcmd('PASV')) if self.trust_server_pasv_ipv4_address: host = untrusted_host else: host = self.sock.getpeername()[0] else: host, port = parse229(self.sendcmd('EPSV'), self.sock.getpeername()) return host, port def ntransfercmd(self, cmd, rest=None): """Initiate a transfer over the data connection. If the transfer is active, send a port command and the transfer command, and accept the connection. If the server is passive, send a pasv command, connect to it, and start the transfer command. Either way, return the socket for the connection and the expected size of the transfer. The expected size may be None if it could not be determined. Optional `rest' argument can be a string that is sent as the argument to a REST command. This is essentially a server marker used to tell the server to skip over any data up to the given marker. """ size = None if self.passiveserver: host, port = self.makepasv() conn = socket.create_connection((host, port), self.timeout, source_address=self.source_address) try: if rest is not None: self.sendcmd("REST %s" % rest) resp = self.sendcmd(cmd) # Some servers apparently send a 200 reply to # a LIST or STOR command, before the 150 reply # (and way before the 226 reply). This seems to # be in violation of the protocol (which only allows # 1xx or error messages for LIST), so we just discard # this response. if resp[0] == '2': resp = self.getresp() if resp[0] != '1': raise error_reply(resp) except: conn.close() raise else: with self.makeport() as sock: if rest is not None: self.sendcmd("REST %s" % rest) resp = self.sendcmd(cmd) # See above. if resp[0] == '2': resp = self.getresp() if resp[0] != '1': raise error_reply(resp) conn, sockaddr = sock.accept() if self.timeout is not _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: conn.settimeout(self.timeout) if resp[:3] == '150': # this is conditional in case we received a 125 size = parse150(resp) return conn, size def transfercmd(self, cmd, rest=None): """Like ntransfercmd() but returns only the socket.""" return self.ntransfercmd(cmd, rest)[0] def login(self, user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''): '''Login, default anonymous.''' if not user: user = 'anonymous' if not passwd: passwd = '' if not acct: acct = '' if user == 'anonymous' and passwd in {'', '-'}: # If there is no anonymous ftp password specified # then we'll just use anonymous@ # We don't send any other thing because: # - We want to remain anonymous # - We want to stop SPAM # - We don't want to let ftp sites to discriminate by the user, # host or country. passwd = passwd + 'anonymous@' resp = self.sendcmd('USER ' + user) if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd) if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct) if resp[0] != '2': raise error_reply(resp) return resp def retrbinary(self, cmd, callback, blocksize=8192, rest=None): """Retrieve data in binary mode. A new port is created for you. Args: cmd: A RETR command. callback: A single parameter callable to be called on each block of data read. blocksize: The maximum number of bytes to read from the socket at one time. [default: 8192] rest: Passed to transfercmd(). [default: None] Returns: The response code. """ self.voidcmd('TYPE I') with self.transfercmd(cmd, rest) as conn: while data := conn.recv(blocksize): callback(data) # shutdown ssl layer if _SSLSocket is not None and isinstance(conn, _SSLSocket): conn.unwrap() return self.voidresp() def retrlines(self, cmd, callback = None): """Retrieve data in line mode. A new port is created for you. Args: cmd: A RETR, LIST, or NLST command. callback: An optional single parameter callable that is called for each line with the trailing CRLF stripped. [default: print_line()] Returns: The response code. """ if callback is None: callback = print_line resp = self.sendcmd('TYPE A') with self.transfercmd(cmd) as conn, \ conn.makefile('r', encoding=self.encoding) as fp: while 1: line = fp.readline(self.maxline + 1) if len(line) > self.maxline: raise Error("got more than %d bytes" % self.maxline) if self.debugging > 2: print('*retr*', repr(line)) if not line: break if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2] elif line[-1:] == '\n': line = line[:-1] callback(line) # shutdown ssl layer if _SSLSocket is not None and isinstance(conn, _SSLSocket): conn.unwrap() return self.voidresp() def storbinary(self, cmd, fp, blocksize=8192, callback=None, rest=None): """Store a file in binary mode. A new port is created for you. Args: cmd: A STOR command. fp: A file-like object with a read(num_bytes) method. blocksize: The maximum data size to read from fp and send over the connection at once. [default: 8192] callback: An optional single parameter callable that is called on each block of data after it is sent. [default: None] rest: Passed to transfercmd(). [default: None] Returns: The response code. """ self.voidcmd('TYPE I') with self.transfercmd(cmd, rest) as conn: while buf := fp.read(blocksize): conn.sendall(buf) if callback: callback(buf) # shutdown ssl layer if _SSLSocket is not None and isinstance(conn, _SSLSocket): conn.unwrap() return self.voidresp() def storlines(self, cmd, fp, callback=None): """Store a file in line mode. A new port is created for you. Args: cmd: A STOR command. fp: A file-like object with a readline() method. callback: An optional single parameter callable that is called on each line after it is sent. [default: None] Returns: The response code. """ self.voidcmd('TYPE A') with self.transfercmd(cmd) as conn: while 1: buf = fp.readline(self.maxline + 1) if len(buf) > self.maxline: raise Error("got more than %d bytes" % self.maxline) if not buf: break if buf[-2:] != B_CRLF: if buf[-1] in B_CRLF: buf = buf[:-1] buf = buf + B_CRLF conn.sendall(buf) if callback: callback(buf) # shutdown ssl layer if _SSLSocket is not None and isinstance(conn, _SSLSocket): conn.unwrap() return self.voidresp() def acct(self, password): '''Send new account name.''' cmd = 'ACCT ' + password return self.voidcmd(cmd) def nlst(self, *args): '''Return a list of files in a given directory (default the current).''' cmd = 'NLST' for arg in args: cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg) files = [] self.retrlines(cmd, files.append) return files def dir(self, *args): '''List a directory in long form. By default list current directory to stdout. Optional last argument is callback function; all non-empty arguments before it are concatenated to the LIST command. (This *should* only be used for a pathname.)''' cmd = 'LIST' func = None if args[-1:] and not isinstance(args[-1], str): args, func = args[:-1], args[-1] for arg in args: if arg: cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg) self.retrlines(cmd, func) def mlsd(self, path="", facts=[]): '''List a directory in a standardized format by using MLSD command (RFC-3659). If path is omitted the current directory is assumed. "facts" is a list of strings representing the type of information desired (e.g. ["type", "size", "perm"]). Return a generator object yielding a tuple of two elements for every file found in path. First element is the file name, the second one is a dictionary including a variable number of "facts" depending on the server and whether "facts" argument has been provided. ''' if facts: self.sendcmd("OPTS MLST " + ";".join(facts) + ";") if path: cmd = "MLSD %s" % path else: cmd = "MLSD" lines = [] self.retrlines(cmd, lines.append) for line in lines: facts_found, _, name = line.rstrip(CRLF).partition(' ') entry = {} for fact in facts_found[:-1].split(";"): key, _, value = fact.partition("=") entry[key.lower()] = value yield (name, entry) def rename(self, fromname, toname): '''Rename a file.''' resp = self.sendcmd('RNFR ' + fromname) if resp[0] != '3': raise error_reply(resp) return self.voidcmd('RNTO ' + toname) def delete(self, filename): '''Delete a file.''' resp = self.sendcmd('DELE ' + filename) if resp[:3] in {'250', '200'}: return resp else: raise error_reply(resp) def cwd(self, dirname): '''Change to a directory.''' if dirname == '..': try: return self.voidcmd('CDUP') except error_perm as msg: if msg.args[0][:3] != '500': raise elif dirname == '': dirname = '.' # does nothing, but could return error cmd = 'CWD ' + dirname return self.voidcmd(cmd) def size(self, filename): '''Retrieve the size of a file.''' # The SIZE command is defined in RFC-3659 resp = self.sendcmd('SIZE ' + filename) if resp[:3] == '213': s = resp[3:].strip() return int(s) def mkd(self, dirname): '''Make a directory, return its full pathname.''' resp = self.voidcmd('MKD ' + dirname) # fix around non-compliant implementations such as IIS shipped # with Windows server 2003 if not resp.startswith('257'): return '' return parse257(resp) def rmd(self, dirname): '''Remove a directory.''' return self.voidcmd('RMD ' + dirname) def pwd(self): '''Return current working directory.''' resp = self.voidcmd('PWD') # fix around non-compliant implementations such as IIS shipped # with Windows server 2003 if not resp.startswith('257'): return '' return parse257(resp) def quit(self): '''Quit, and close the connection.''' resp = self.voidcmd('QUIT') self.close() return resp def close(self): '''Close the connection without assuming anything about it.''' try: file = self.file self.file = None if file is not None: file.close() finally: sock = self.sock self.sock = None if sock is not None: sock.close() try: import ssl except ImportError: _SSLSocket = None else: _SSLSocket = ssl.SSLSocket class FTP_TLS(FTP): '''A FTP subclass which adds TLS support to FTP as described in RFC-4217. Connect as usual to port 21 implicitly securing the FTP control connection before authenticating. Securing the data connection requires user to explicitly ask for it by calling prot_p() method. Usage example: >>> from ftplib import FTP_TLS >>> ftps = FTP_TLS('ftp.python.org') >>> ftps.login() # login anonymously previously securing control channel '230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.' >>> ftps.prot_p() # switch to secure data connection '200 Protection level set to P' >>> ftps.retrlines('LIST') # list directory content securely total 9 drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 . drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 etc d-wxrwxr-x 2 ftp wheel 1024 Sep 5 13:43 incoming drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Nov 17 1993 lib drwxr-xr-x 6 1094 wheel 1024 Sep 13 19:07 pub drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 usr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 312 Aug 1 1994 welcome.msg '226 Transfer complete.' >>> ftps.quit() '221 Goodbye.' >>> ''' def __init__(self, host='', user='', passwd='', acct='', *, context=None, timeout=_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, source_address=None, encoding='utf-8'): if context is None: context = ssl._create_stdlib_context() self.context = context self._prot_p = False super().__init__(host, user, passwd, acct, timeout, source_address, encoding=encoding) def login(self, user='', passwd='', acct='', secure=True): if secure and not isinstance(self.sock, ssl.SSLSocket): self.auth() return super().login(user, passwd, acct) def auth(self): '''Set up secure control connection by using TLS/SSL.''' if isinstance(self.sock, ssl.SSLSocket): raise ValueError("Already using TLS") if self.context.protocol >= ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS: resp = self.voidcmd('AUTH TLS') else: resp = self.voidcmd('AUTH SSL') self.sock = self.context.wrap_socket(self.sock, server_hostname=self.host) self.file = self.sock.makefile(mode='r', encoding=self.encoding) return resp def ccc(self): '''Switch back to a clear-text control connection.''' if not isinstance(self.sock, ssl.SSLSocket): raise ValueError("not using TLS") resp = self.voidcmd('CCC') self.sock = self.sock.unwrap() return resp def prot_p(self): '''Set up secure data connection.''' # PROT defines whether or not the data channel is to be protected. # Though RFC-2228 defines four possible protection levels, # RFC-4217 only recommends two, Clear and Private. # Clear (PROT C) means that no security is to be used on the # data-channel, Private (PROT P) means that the data-channel # should be protected by TLS. # PBSZ command MUST still be issued, but must have a parameter of # '0' to indicate that no buffering is taking place and the data # connection should not be encapsulated. self.voidcmd('PBSZ 0') resp = self.voidcmd('PROT P') self._prot_p = True return resp def prot_c(self): '''Set up clear text data connection.''' resp = self.voidcmd('PROT C') self._prot_p = False return resp # --- Overridden FTP methods def ntransfercmd(self, cmd, rest=None): conn, size = super().ntransfercmd(cmd, rest) if self._prot_p: conn = self.context.wrap_socket(conn, server_hostname=self.host) return conn, size def abort(self): # overridden as we can't pass MSG_OOB flag to sendall() line = b'ABOR' + B_CRLF self.sock.sendall(line) resp = self.getmultiline() if resp[:3] not in {'426', '225', '226'}: raise error_proto(resp) return resp __all__.append('FTP_TLS') all_errors = (Error, OSError, EOFError, ssl.SSLError) _150_re = None def parse150(resp): '''Parse the '150' response for a RETR request. Returns the expected transfer size or None; size is not guaranteed to be present in the 150 message. ''' if resp[:3] != '150': raise error_reply(resp) global _150_re if _150_re is None: import re _150_re = re.compile( r"150 .* \((\d+) bytes\)", re.IGNORECASE | re.ASCII) m = _150_re.match(resp) if not m: return None return int(m.group(1)) _227_re = None def parse227(resp): '''Parse the '227' response for a PASV request. Raises error_proto if it does not contain '(h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2)' Return ('host.addr.as.numbers', port#) tuple.''' if resp[:3] != '227': raise error_reply(resp) global _227_re if _227_re is None: import re _227_re = re.compile(r'(\d+),(\d+),(\d+),(\d+),(\d+),(\d+)', re.ASCII) m = _227_re.search(resp) if not m: raise error_proto(resp) numbers = m.groups() host = '.'.join(numbers[:4]) port = (int(numbers[4]) << 8) + int(numbers[5]) return host, port def parse229(resp, peer): '''Parse the '229' response for an EPSV request. Raises error_proto if it does not contain '(|||port|)' Return ('host.addr.as.numbers', port#) tuple.''' if resp[:3] != '229': raise error_reply(resp) left = resp.find('(') if left < 0: raise error_proto(resp) right = resp.find(')', left + 1) if right < 0: raise error_proto(resp) # should contain '(|||port|)' if resp[left + 1] != resp[right - 1]: raise error_proto(resp) parts = resp[left + 1:right].split(resp[left+1]) if len(parts) != 5: raise error_proto(resp) host = peer[0] port = int(parts[3]) return host, port def parse257(resp): '''Parse the '257' response for a MKD or PWD request. This is a response to a MKD or PWD request: a directory name. Returns the directoryname in the 257 reply.''' if resp[:3] != '257': raise error_reply(resp) if resp[3:5] != ' "': return '' # Not compliant to RFC 959, but UNIX ftpd does this dirname = '' i = 5 n = len(resp) while i < n: c = resp[i] i = i+1 if c == '"': if i >= n or resp[i] != '"': break i = i+1 dirname = dirname + c return dirname def print_line(line): '''Default retrlines callback to print a line.''' print(line) def ftpcp(source, sourcename, target, targetname = '', type = 'I'): '''Copy file from one FTP-instance to another.''' if not targetname: targetname = sourcename type = 'TYPE ' + type source.voidcmd(type) target.voidcmd(type) sourcehost, sourceport = parse227(source.sendcmd('PASV')) target.sendport(sourcehost, sourceport) # RFC 959: the user must "listen" [...] BEFORE sending the # transfer request. # So: STOR before RETR, because here the target is a "user". treply = target.sendcmd('STOR ' + targetname) if treply[:3] not in {'125', '150'}: raise error_proto # RFC 959 sreply = source.sendcmd('RETR ' + sourcename) if sreply[:3] not in {'125', '150'}: raise error_proto # RFC 959 source.voidresp() target.voidresp() def test(): '''Test program. Usage: ftplib [-d] [-r[file]] host [-l[dir]] [-d[dir]] [-p] [file] ... Options: -d increase debugging level -r[file] set alternate ~/.netrc file Commands: -l[dir] list directory -d[dir] change the current directory -p toggle passive and active mode file retrieve the file and write it to stdout ''' if len(sys.argv) < 2: print(test.__doc__) sys.exit(0) import netrc debugging = 0 rcfile = None while sys.argv[1] == '-d': debugging = debugging+1 del sys.argv[1] if sys.argv[1][:2] == '-r': # get name of alternate ~/.netrc file: rcfile = sys.argv[1][2:] del sys.argv[1] host = sys.argv[1] ftp = FTP(host) ftp.set_debuglevel(debugging) userid = passwd = acct = '' try: netrcobj = netrc.netrc(rcfile) except OSError: if rcfile is not None: print("Could not open account file -- using anonymous login.", file=sys.stderr) else: try: userid, acct, passwd = netrcobj.authenticators(host) except (KeyError, TypeError): # no account for host print("No account -- using anonymous login.", file=sys.stderr) ftp.login(userid, passwd, acct) for file in sys.argv[2:]: if file[:2] == '-l': ftp.dir(file[2:]) elif file[:2] == '-d': cmd = 'CWD' if file[2:]: cmd = cmd + ' ' + file[2:] resp = ftp.sendcmd(cmd) elif file == '-p': ftp.set_pasv(not ftp.passiveserver) else: ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + file, \ sys.stdout.buffer.write, 1024) sys.stdout.buffer.flush() sys.stdout.flush() ftp.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': test()